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"Cultivating Techniques for Rapid Growth and High Yield of Larix principis-rupprechtii" 29
Second, the investigation and monitoring of brownback flat rat damage is essential to assess rodent populations and predict potential issues during the winter season. This helps in determining whether preventive measures should be implemented.
(i) Survey of existing rat densities
1. Time requirements: The survey should be conducted in September, when rat activity is at its peak.
2. Survey method: The clip method (also known as the trap method) is used for this purpose. This involves setting traps for one day and one night, with each trapping session serving as a unit for calculating population density.
(1) Determine the number of clips: The number of traps is determined based on the size of the area affected by rodent damage within each small class. To ensure accuracy, at least 50 traps are recommended, as outlined in Table 7-8.
Table 7-8: Determining Days for Rat Investigation
Small rodents in the class | Occurrence area (mu) | Clipping days (a) | Survey Line (Article) | Representative plot area
---|---|---|---|---
Small rats | 200 or less | 50 | 2 | 7.50
Small rats | 200–500 | 100 | 4 | 15.00
Small rats | 500–1000 | 150 | 6 | 22.50
Small rats | 1000 or more | 200 or more | 8 | 30.00
(2) Clip placement: Traps should be set in the afternoon. All traps must be of the same type, and the bait used should be consistent (such as wheat or fried pine nuts). In each rodent sub-class, representative areas are selected to establish survey lines. Each line contains 25 traps spaced 5 meters apart, with 20 meters between rows. The length of each line is 125 meters, covering a representative plot area of 3.75 mu.
(3) Investigation: After each survey, animals are checked the next day at 8–10 AM and 6–7 PM. If rats are caught, they are removed immediately. Captured rats are identified, and if confirmed as brownbacked rats, they are recorded. The investigation also includes checking for signs of rodent activity, such as lost bait or new droppings, which should be counted as captures. In cases of severe weather, such as strong winds or heavy rain, the results for that day are not included in the normal statistics.
(4) Statistical calculation of the capture rate: Each trap is used for one day and one night. After the survey, the total number of traps is counted, and the capture rate is calculated using the formula:
$$ \text{Small rodent trap rate \%} = \frac{\text{Sum of the number of acquisitions for each survey line}}{25 \times \text{Survey Lines} \times \text{Capture Days and Nights}} \times 100 $$
(5) Determine the existing rat density: Based on the capture rate, the rodent density is classified into low, medium, or high levels, as detailed in Table 7-10.
(B) Predicting hazards in winter
1. Mouse density: Based on the results from the autumn survey.
2. Degree of harm: Determined according to the mouse density, referencing Table 7-11.
3. Damaged plant rate: Also determined using Table 7-11.
4. Occurrence area: Calculated starting from the light statistics point, taking reference from the original small class area.
(iii) Determine the area to be prevented
The area predicted to have moderate or higher risk is considered the area to be protected.
Table 7-9: Investigation of Brownback Traps
Rodents Linban/Small Class No.: Small Class Size: Forest work area, small place name, Slope Aspect, Sapling Origin, Tree Composition, Distribution, Mu, Plant, Tree Average High, Average Chest (Root), Danger Degree, Standard Area, Grass cover and main species, Plot number, Rat clamps (a), Number of captures, Daytime, Total, Total capture rate %, Rat density, World situation, Suggested preventive measures, Surveyor, Survey Date.
Table 7-10: Density of Brownback Rats
Catch rate | Density level
---|---
1–5 | Low
5–15 | Medium
15 or more | High
Table 7-11: Classification of hazard levels of brownback flat rodents
Rat Density Rating | Predicted plant rate | Hazard level
---|---|---
Low | 3–10 | Light
Medium | 11–20 | Moderate
High | 21 or more | Heavy
This comprehensive approach ensures accurate assessment and timely action to mitigate the impact of brownback flat rat infestations.