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Centrifugal pump maintenance and repair
Centrifugal pumps are widely used in industrial, agricultural, and daily life applications for transporting water or other liquids. These pumps are known for their high efficiency, compact design, lightweight structure, and ease of adjustment. They can be directly connected to high-speed motors, making them a popular choice in various fields.
During operation, centrifugal pumps may experience several common issues. Below are the possible causes and solutions for these problems:
**1. Pump Does Not Start When Water Is Present**
1. No water in the pump before starting—stop the pump and refill it with water.
2. The suction height is too high—ensure it does not exceed 6 meters.
3. Leaks or air bubbles in the suction pipe—inspect and fix any leaks.
4. Clogged taps—clean the taps thoroughly.
5. Low speed or power issues—check the power supply and motor condition.
**2. Pump Displacement Is Low During Startup**
1. Debris blocking the impeller inlet or damaged impeller—clean or replace the impeller.
2. Partial blockage in the outlet—inspect and clean the outlet.
3. Loose connections in the suction pipe—tighten or replace the gaskets.
4. Worn impeller ribs or mouth ring seal—replace the worn parts.
5. Leakage from the pan plate—replace the pan plate or packing box.
**3. Sudden Loss of Water from the Tap**
1. The tap has run out of water—turn off the pump immediately.
2. Blockage in the tap—shut down the pump and clean the tap.
**4. Motor Current Is Too High**
1. The discharge valve was not closed during startup—always close it first.
2. Misalignment or sticking parts in the balance ring—inspect and repair.
3. Incorrect alignment of rotating components—adjust the impeller position.
4. Improper wheel alignment or tight belts—adjust or replace as needed.
**5. Excessive Pressure in the Water Pipe**
1. Expansion of the gap between the balance disc sleeve and water jacket—check and replace if necessary.
2. Poor assembly of the rubber gimbal—reinstall the balance ring properly.
**6. Pump Vibration During Operation**
1. Misalignment between the pump and motor—check and adjust the center.
2. Unsecured water pipes—ensure all pipes are properly fixed.
3. Excessive bearing clearance—adjust the bearings.
4. Bent shaft—repair or replace the shaft.
5. Skewed impeller or balance disc—overhaul the internal components.
6. Loose anchor bolts or unstable foundation—tighten the bolts or reinforce the base.
**7. Bearings Overheat**
1. Insufficient or dirty oil—clean the bearings and change the oil.
2. Non-rotating or stiff oil ring—inspect and repair.
3. Too small bearing clearance—adjust using shims or scraping.
**8. Packing Box Heats Up**
1. Packing installed too tightly or not lubricated—adjust or replace the packing.
**9. Balance Plate Heats Up**
1. Dirty water pipe or closed valve—clean the pipe or open the valve.
**10. Pump Housing Becomes Hot**
1. Prolonged operation with the gate closed or no water—stop the pump, let it cool, and restart carefully.
In addition to the above issues, motor failures can also occur during pump operation. However, those will not be covered here. Regular maintenance and timely troubleshooting are essential to ensure the smooth and efficient operation of centrifugal pumps.