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How to reasonably calculate the amount of fertilizer
Under normal conditions, the recommended fertilization rates for a formula fertilization test typically involve pure nitrogen (N), phosphorus pentoxide (Pâ‚‚Oâ‚…), and potassium oxide (Kâ‚‚O). However, because different fertilizers have varying effective contents, it can be challenging for farmers to accurately measure the right amount of fertilizer during actual farming. To simplify this process, there's an easy way to calculate the amount of fertilizer that should be applied to the soil.
Let’s assume that the recommended fertilizer rate per mu is 8.5 kg of pure nitrogen, 4.5 kg of P₂O₅, and 6.5 kg of K₂O. For single fertilizer application, the calculation method is: Recommended Fertilizer Quantity divided by the effective content of the chemical fertilizer equals the amount that should be applied.
For example, if using urea, which has a nitrogen content of about 46%, the required amount would be 8.5 ÷ 46% = 18.5 kg. Similarly, for potassium sulfate, which contains approximately 50% K₂O, the application would be 6.5 ÷ 50% = 13 kg.
If using compound fertilizer, you should base your calculation on the nutrient with the lowest recommended amount. Suppose the compound fertilizer bag shows an NPK ratio of 15:15:15. In this case, the amount to apply would be 4.8 ÷ 15% = 32 kg. This means the soil receives 4.8 kg of pure nitrogen, 4.8 kg of P₂O₅, and 4.8 kg of K₂O from the compound fertilizer.
However, since compound fertilizers have fixed ratios, they may not fully meet the specific needs of different crops in various soils. Therefore, it's often necessary to supplement with individual fertilizers. The formula for calculating the additional fertilizer needed is: (Recommended fertilizer amount - Applied fertilizer amount) divided by the effective content of the chemical fertilizer equals the supplementary fertilizer quantity.
In this example, after applying 32 kg of 15-15-15 compound fertilizer, we still need to add more nitrogen and potassium. The remaining nitrogen needed is (8.5 - 4.8) = 3.7 kg, so the required urea is 3.7 ÷ 46% = 8 kg. For potassium, the remaining is (6.5 - 4.8) = 1.7 kg, so the required potassium sulfate is 1.7 ÷ 50% = 3.4 kg.
This approach ensures that the crop receives the precise nutrients it needs, tailored to the specific requirements of the soil and the crop type. It also helps farmers avoid over-fertilization and optimize resource use.