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In a well-lubricated closed gear transmission, the common form of failure of the tooth surface is tooth surface fatigue pitting, ie fatigue wear. After the gear is stressed, the tooth surface will generate contact stress, and the tooth surface contact stress pulsation cyclically changes. During operation, under the repeated action of contact stress, the teeth have micro fatigue cracks on the tooth surface (or a certain depth below the surface layer), and the cracks continue to spread and spread, and metal debris is peeled off from the tooth surface to form a pit. After the pitting of the tooth surface, the surface of the tooth profile is destroyed, causing the vibration and noise to increase, so that it cannot work normally.
Pitting occurs mostly on the surface of the root of the abutment line. This is because when the teeth are engaged in the process of meshing, the direction of the relative sliding speed changes when the teeth are engaged near the pitch line, and the oil film is not easily formed. Moreover, when the teeth are engaged near the pitch line, the rubber injection molding machine is simultaneously meshed with a small number of teeth, and there is often only one pair of teeth contact for the spur gear. Therefore, the tooth surface contact stress is also large, so pitting corrosion is most likely to occur near the pitch line.
Hard-toothed gears are generally less prone to non-expanding pitting, and when pitting occurs, they expand and form extended pitting. For steel gears with surface quenching and surface carburizing and quenching, the tooth surface fatigue crack often occurs first at the intersection of the hardened hard layer and the soft core. After the crack propagates, the tooth surface will peel off, which is different from the pitting surface appearance. The area and depth of the pit are larger than pitting. This phenomenon in which the tooth surface is peeled off is called peeling.
By increasing the hardness of the tooth surface, improving the performance of the lubricating oil, adopting the angular displacement transmission method, and improving the contact accuracy of the gear, the occurrence of fatigue pitting can be alleviated and prevented.