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In the ancient town of Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province, lighting companies that are producing LEDs and LEDs are the most recent one or two years. After experiencing a booming period of time, they immediately turned to the deep valley.
The ancient town is known as the capital of Chinese lighting, and the output value created by lighting and related industries accounts for more than 80% of the total output value of the town. There are 100,000 permanent residents and 200,000 migrants in the town, almost all relying on the lighting industry.
LEDs are seen as new gadgets that have saved the ancient town from the low profits of traditional lighting, and the direction of the transformation of the ancient town industry. But now, most LED companies face losses, vicious competition, market disorder, and the entire industry faces a major reshuffle.
The hardships of LED last year, the total industrial and agricultural output value of the town was 23.653 billion yuan, of which the total output value of lighting was 17.3 billion yuan.
In addition to the tens of thousands of enterprises related to the lighting and lighting related to the creation of this output value, there are many three no-factory factories, which constitute a complete industrial chain of production, accessories, packaging, logistics, etc., and won 60% of the national lighting market. Share.
Almost every household is now doing LED. LED is considered to be more promising because of its small size, light weight, good directionality, resistance to various harsh conditions, low energy consumption and long life. Of course, the profits are also higher. The profit of energy-saving lamps is about 5-8, and the LEDs with the same wattage will have a profit of 20-30. An industry insider said.
A lot of money has entered LED. Since this year, LED investment has continued to heat up. National Semiconductor Lighting Engineering Research and Development and Industry Alliance (CSA) released data show that in the first seven months of this year, China's LED industry plans to increase investment totaled 122.6 billion yuan.
But the threshold of LED is not high. In the ancient town, small factories invested tens of thousands of yuan, and when they bought some materials, they could produce lamp beads. The small factory sold the lamp beads to a larger assembly plant.
Not long after the good days, these small and medium-sized LED companies fell into losses. According to statistics, there are currently 90% of LED companies with losses. In the past year, the small bosses have been satisfied with the roller coaster. At the end of last year, they were full of confidence. After March of this year, the market fell.
After the price of rare earth has skyrocketed, the phosphor associated with it has almost one price per day. Phosphors are essential for energy-saving lamps and LEDs. A statistical staff member of Laiya Lighting in Guzhen was surprised to see that the price of phosphors rose from 300 yuan per kilogram in March to nearly 3,000 yuan in August, which was nearly 10 times less than half a year. The current price has dropped, but it is still at a high level of around 1,700 yuan per kilogram.
A spokesman for NVC Lighting also said that in the past year, the prices of various raw materials closely related to the lighting industry continued to rise, and the prices of metal materials such as copper, iron and aluminum all increased volatility. The reporter learned that the electronic components necessary for energy-saving lamps have also risen by about 10.
Labor costs and logistics costs are rising. The above-mentioned staff engaged in statistics said that this year, the factory has already given workers a salary increase of about 15 yuan.
Lian Jun, sales director of Laiya Lighting, said that due to the rapid increase in costs, manufacturers have to raise prices, customers can not accept, directly lead to continued decline in sales. Laiya Lighting has been exporting for more than a decade, but as of this year, the export volume has dropped by 30% to 40%. Laiya Lighting is a microcosm of the industry.
A spokesman for NVC Lighting also said that the vast majority of Chinese light companies are still in a labor-intensive stage, and high-quality low prices are the killers of many lighting companies in foreign markets. However, affected by the appreciation of the renminbi, in order to maintain the same renminbi price bottom line, the price of export products marked with foreign currency will increase, which will weaken the price competitiveness of Chinese enterprises and make the export facing difficulties.
The domestic situation is equally worrying, and LED lighting prices are diving. Qi Jun said that at the end of last year, I picked a few 3 watt LED ceiling lights from the ancient town market to Shandong. At that time, each had 20 yuan, and in July this year, it was only 12 yuan.
The LED market is still small. Due to the high price several times higher than the energy-saving lamps, the market for civilian use has not been opened, and it is now more used for landscape lighting of government projects. Nanhai District of Foshan has recently introduced a method to provide a maximum subsidy of 3 million yuan for the LED demonstration project. He Zaihua, a senior researcher at China Investment Consulting, said that a large number of LED companies rely on the government's high subsidies for market expansion. If the preferential policies and subsidies are removed, the industry's profitability is worrying.
The annual light fair of the ancient town is about to begin. This is the last sprint opportunity for the gold, nine silver and ten seasons, but the army is not optimistic about this.
The shuffle is the trend of the trend. After October, the ancient town began to be rumored. A well-known lighting factory with sales of 200 million yuan was sold because the boss’s capital chain was broken.
Some of the smaller light companies have quietly closed. Since the beginning of this year, at least 10% (light enterprises) have closed down. The metabolism of enterprises has been normal, and enterprises have been eliminated every year, but the number of this year is significantly higher than in previous years. Yan Jun said.
This has not yet included three no-factories and family workshops that have not entered official statistics. If they can't do it, they will pull the shutters and nobody knows.
The collapse of the light enterprise is not unique to the ancient town. On September 30, the chairman of a Shenzhen-based lighting company, Su Dingli, suddenly disappeared, defaulting on a salary of 610,000 yuan and a debt of more than 50 million yuan. Dongguan has also reported the closure of LED companies a few days ago.
The unsettled SMEs are suffering from the plunge in profits and the lack of funds. After more than half a year of market slump, these small factories are still struggling to support them. Many people are waiting, after seeing this time, will not It will be fine. However, the army is expected to have more cases of bankruptcy in a few months.
In the ancient town market, vicious competition has intensified. The low wattage lamp beading up the higher wattage lamp bead, making the LED heat sink aluminum as thin as possible, or simplifying other links as much as possible, and the LED life is getting shorter and shorter. Bad money drives out good money. Now, in order to survive, even some brand lighting companies use these tricks, which are difficult to find. In the current lighting industry, SMEs are generally eager for quick success, lack of control over product quality, export-oriented low-end products, and weak market competitiveness. These will cause SMEs to face difficulties, and industry reshuffle is the general trend. A spokesman for NVC Lighting said.
The spokesperson said that the current lighting industry is in the transition from product consumption to brand consumption. With the regulation and maturity of the market, consumers will pay more and more attention to brand consumption, and the three enterprises will face closure again.
For the ancient towns where SMEs account for the vast majority, the shuffling has just begun.